Glial tumors of the brain: general principles of diagnosis and treatment (review)

Abstract

Despite significant advances in oncology and neurosurgery, glial
brain tumors continue to be an urgent problem of modern healthcare. The
proportion of gliomas in the overall structure of glial neoplasms is 40-45%, they are
predominantly detected at the age of 30-60 years, affecting the most able-bodied
part of the population. Glial neoplasms, as a rule, develop from cells of an astrocytic
or oligodendrocyte population and are characterized by rapid growth of the primary
tumor node, invasiveness, a tendency to early metastasis, a high recurrence rate ,
and poor prognosis. The article presents a modern clinical classification of gliomas
based on the principles of localization, histogenesis and activity of the tumor
process. A characteristic feature of glial brain tumors is invasive growth with no
macroscopically clear boundary between the tumor and normal brain tissue.